INFORMATION TRANSFFERING USING "PHOTON".... A QUANTUM TECHNIQUE

NOW A DAYS TECHNOLOGY IS GROWING VERY FASTELY MEANS TO SAY THAT APPROX. SPEED OF LIGHT. A NEW TECHNIQUE TO MAKE COMPUTING VERY FAST .....QUANTUM COMPUTERS. WHERE INFORMATION TRANSFERRING USING PHOTON.THIS TECHNOLOGY CAN MAKE ACTUAL REAL TIME SYSTEM WHICH HAS NOT NO DELAY INPUT AND OUTPUT TIME SAME EXECT SAME. BUT IT IS RIGHT IN PAPER COZ SYSTEM DELAY AND OTHER CONSUMING DEVICES BUT IT IS TRUE WE CAN MAKE OUR TECHNOLOGY BEST COZ LIGHT IS EVERY THING FOR US. OTHER THING CAN NOT SO BEST INSTEAD OF LIGHT AND TIME

SO THE THOUGHT IS IF TWO PHOTON STRIKE EACH OTHER AND TRANSFER THEIR INFORMATION THEN REQUIRED CONDITION CAN BE ACHIVE. BUT HOW IT IS POSSIBLE
ANSWER COMES FROM PHOTO ELECTRIC EFFECT(PEE). NOW ACCORDING TO LINEAR OPTICS WHEN TWO LIGHT RAY MEET AND CROSS EACH OTHER THEN THEY GO IN RIGHT DIRECTION WITH EACH OTHER.PHOTONS ARE SO SMALL THAT THERE IS VERY FEW CHANCE TO INTRECT WITH EACH OTHER AND TO MAKE CHANGE IN THEM THAT IS CALLED NONLINEAR CONDITION.
BUT THE QUANTUM COMPUTER INVOLVE THE NONLINEAR OPTICS SO USE OF PHOTO ELECTRIC EFFECT IS REQUIRE. SHOOTING TWO PHOTONS ON ATOM. AN ACCORDING TO PEE THE SINGLE ATOM CAN ABSORVE A PHOTON BUT WHEN THERE IS TWO ATOMS AT SAME TIME THEN SURELY THEY WILL MEET AND INTRECT FOR VERY FEW TIME THEN ONE CAN TRANSFER AND CAN MAKE OTHER CHANGES WHICH CAN BE FILTERED AS AN INFORMATION.
ITS ADVANTEGE OVER OPTICAL FIBRE IS THAT IN OFC EACH BIT MAKE BY VERY LARGE NO. OF PHOTONS BUT HERE ONE PHOTON MEANS ONE BIT.
ALTHOUGH WE HAVE NOT COMPONENT TO CONTROL AND AMPLIFY THAT INFORMATION BUT WE CAN HOPE THAT IN NEAR FUTURE WE WILL STAND WITH SPEED OF LIGHT.

IN THIS DIA RED PHOTON IS TRANSFERRING ITS INFORMATION

PLAY WITH EULER'S AND TAYLOR'S WITH COMPLEX PLANE

in engineering i feel that every standerd equcation have a complex no. or involve complex plane. so what is real mean:
a example..... we all of know that there is no mean of negetive no. but in math they exist and if they not in use the math is incomplete so if there is real then must be imagenery to fulfill the requirement. but there physical mean nothing.
now a mathmetical example:

Equation 1: x2 - 1 = 0.Equation 1 has two solutions, x = -1 and x = 1. We know that solving an equation in x is equivalent to finding the x-intercepts of a graph; and, the graph of y = x2 - 1 crosses the x-axis at (-1,0) and (1,0).

Equation 2: x2 + 1 = 0
Equation 2 has no solutions, and we can see this by looking at the graph of y = x2 + 1.

Since the graph has no x-intercepts, the equation has no solutions.but according to maths rule the second ordered equcation have two solution. then what is the solution it is imagenery solution "i".
now it hasbeen proved a quantity which have no real solution have imagenery solution and vice varsa.
so z=a+ib a is real and b also real but a called real quantity and second part called imagenery. and if real=0 then totally imagenery and second=0 then real.
another fact a real quantity make by airthmatic operation with i. so imagenery quantity makes a plane including pure real which is real axix and pure imagenery which is y.that is called complex plane.
in ractangular cordinates:-

in polar form(r,@):-
r radious from origen and @ its angle with axis. so according to trignometric here the sin and cosine will introduce

now by projection rule there is r(cos@+isin@) here r wil be sqrt of cos@ and sin@ that will be 1 means a circle with unit radius.

now we know solution of power of i.
ok then take the solution of cos@ and sin@ with taylor's equcation means expention of sin@ and cos@. and the some of that with i gives a combind form like e(iz) where z makes complex plane means =real+i(real)
so this is theoritical proof ot eulers equcation.

EQUCATION OF UNIVERSE

friends today i was comming from my college then a problem disturb my mind and i try to get a equcation of universe coz i heared that euler's equcation gives the equcation of universe then i take a step in that direction and try to solve . but as well as i go deeper than i found that it can take my all life to get a complete solution. in that study i learn some basic things which creat a strom in my mind so i am share here.


we all off know that euler's equcation e(i@) =cos@+i sin@ in this every onces know that @ is angle cos and sin are trigonometical function in which the imagenery axix is y and real axix is x and variable @ is angle. it can represented by a circular curve.

then
a question aries that what is the funda of this equcation........
then i found that taylor's equcation gives this equcation. "what and why need of taylor's equcation"
the solution of n th polinomial can solved by taylor's equcation.coz to solve that equcation In mathematics, the Taylor series is a representation of a function as an infinite sum of terms calculated from the values of its derivatives at a single point. it is very efficient thing

in

in this curve the black represented the sine wawe and other colour line is try to making approximate sine wave means n derivatives is try to making the required wave

same approach is here the red line is going to get required curve by changing is order
in combind way we can represente this in form of derivatives of equcation taking a variable (approaching this to its required value)
f(a)+f'(a)/!1(x-a)+f''(a)/!2 (x-a)2............


now a question again "why and what is complex no. and plane from where it come"
the ans with history is that:
A complex number is a number consisting of a real and imaginary part. It can be written in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers, and i is the standard imaginary unit with the property i 2 = −1.[1] The complex numbers contain the ordinary real numbers, but extend them by adding in extra numbers and correspondingly expanding the understanding of addition and multiplication.


Complex numbers were first conceived and defined by the Italian mathematician Gerolamo Cardano, who called them "fictitious", during his attempts to find solutions to cubic equations.[2] The solution of a general cubic equation in radicals (without trigonometric functions) may require intermediate calculations containing the square roots of negative numbers, even when the final solutions are real numbers, a situation known as casus irreducibilis. This ultimately led to the fundamental theorem of algebra, which shows that with complex numbers, a solution exists to every polynomial equation of degree one or higher. Complex numbers thus form an algebraically closed field, where any polynomial equation has a root.


now i think after the fundamental concept we again move to eller;s equcation and analysis that
The original proof is based on the Taylor series expansions of the exponential function ez (where z is a complex number) and of sin x and cos x for real numbers x (see below). In fact, the same proof shows that Euler's formula is even valid for all complex numbers z.


A point in the complex plane can be represented by a complex number written in cartesian coordinates. Euler's formula provides a means of conversion between cartesian coordinates and polar coordinates. The polar form reduces the number of terms from two to one, which simplifies the mathematics when used in multiplication or powers of complex numbers. Any complex number z = x + iy can be written as
z=x+iy=modz(cos@+isin@)
z bar=x-iy=modz(cos@-isin@)
now according to this there is two plane and the maximum value must be root-1 so after combind both planes the 3d view will be like:-

see curve and feel two plane with its maximum value and according to euler's calculas varition equcation combind the maximum and its minimum.
thus if we see this equcation with very closely then we will find that it is like a string with continuous value and according to partical physics in my view that the closely binding curve may represent a strong nuclier force which is the cause of creation of universe and called fundamental force. so in my view universe nature like string.
for m theory please keep in touch......

LEARN THE CAUSE OF REFLECTION,DIFFRACTION AND SCATTERING

ONE DAY I WAS STUDYING THEN I COME TO KNOW THAT WHY THE REFLECTION,DIFFRACTION AND SCATTRING OCCUR. I JUST STOP MY WORK AND THEN FIGHT WITH THAT QUESTION FOR 2 DAYS AND THEN A ANSWER I GET. U WILL NOT BELIEVE THAT I LEARN IT IN B.TECH FINAL YEAR ALTHOUGH I HEAR THIS NAME IN FIFTH CLASS, HOW STRANGE BUT TRUE COZ ACCORDING TO ME FIGHTING WITH ANY THING GIVES THE IDEA OF SOLUTION BUT THAT TIME I FIGHT FOR SUCCESS AND FORGET THAT FIGTING WITH CONCEPT MAKES U SUCCESSFUL. SO THE ANSWER IN MY VIEW (IN CASE OF ELECTRONIC WAVE WHICH TRAVEL BY REFLECTION BY OBJECTS IN COMMUNICATION)IS THAT

THE REFLECTION TAKES PLACES WHEN AN EM WAVE SIGNAL ENCOUNTERS A SURFACE THAT IS LARGE RELATIVE TO THE WAVELENGTH OF THE SIGNAL
EXPLANATION:- IN CASE OF COMMUNICATION THE EM WAVE TRAVELL BY COLLISION BY OBJECTS , OBJECTS LIKE METAL HAVE FREE ELECTRONS AND AS THE SIZE OF METAL INCREASE THAN THE NO. OF FREE ELECTRON INCREASE SO WHEN WAVE ENCOUNTERS THAT SURFACE THE ELECTRONS BECOMES EXCITED AND THEN GIVE THEIR ENERGY TO OTHER ELECTRONS BY VIBRATING IN MOVING IN A ZIG ZAG MOTION. AND AFTER DUE TO LARGE SURFACE THE ATTENUATION TAKE PLACES WHICH IS CALLED SKIN DEPTH . AND WE KNOW THAT A ELECTRON CAN LIVE IN  EXCITED STATE FOR SHORT DURATION AND THEN IT RETURNS ENERGY IN SAME DIRECTION (ENERGY NOT CROSS DUE TO LARGE OBJECT AND ATTENUATION) WITH SOME PHASE CHANGING ALTHOUGH ALL THE ENERGY CAN NOT BE RETURNED SO THE TOTAL ENERGY IS SUM OF HEAT LOSS AT SURFACE AND REFLECTED WAVE. DUE TO THIS THE WAVE FRONT CAN BE CHANGED AND TILTED.

WE ALL HASBEEN STUDIED THAT THIS TYPE CHANGES DEPEND ON REFRECTIVE INDEX 'N' BUT WHAT IS 'N' AND AND ALSO WE READ ITS DEPEND ON THE NATURE BUT I HAS BEEN PROVED THAT EVERY NATURE DEPENDS ON NATURE OF MOVING ELECTRONS. MEANS EVERY CHANGES IS NOT DEPEND ON NATURE IT DEPENDS ON BASIC STRUCTURE AND WHY IT IS SO. IN NEXT BLOG I  WILL SAY THAT IT DOES NOT DEPEND ON ELECTRON IT DEPENDS ON HIGGS BOSON (GOD PARTICAL) THE  CAUSE OF CREATION OF UNIVERSE.

OTHER WILL BE IN NEXT BLOG SO KEEP IN TOUCH........... 

KNOW THE SIGNAL AND SYSTEM AND INSTALL IT IN YOURSELF

ONE DAY A QUESTION COMES IN MY MIND THAT

. Why Use Frequency Representations When We Can Represent Any Signal With

 Time Functions?

THEN I FIND A ANSWER THAT CAN CLEAR IT IN VERY SIMPLE VIEW BUT BEFORE THIS IT MUST BE

 UNDERSTAND THAT "TIME CAN NOT CONTROLLED BY SOMEONE BECAUSE OUR UNIVERSE

 IS UNIDIRECTIONAL TIME BINDED AND WE ARE LIVING IN A  CLOSE LOOP OF TIME" THIS IS

QUANTUM PHYSICS APPROACH NOW COMES ON MAIN TOPIC ANSWER IS THAT

. Frequency methods focus on how signals of different frequencies are represented in a signal. We think in terms of the spectrum of the signal.  Here is a rainbow.  In a rainbow, white sunlight - composed of many different colors or parts of the spectrum - is spread into its spectrum.  Here the atmosphere is a filter that treats the different parts of the light spectrum - the different light frequencies - in different ways.  For a rainbow, the different parts of the light spectrum - the different colors - are bent differently as they enter the atmosphere.  In many electrical circuits and systems, the different parts of the signal spectrum  are treated differently.  Different treatment of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum means that you can separate out different radio, television and cell phone signals.  That gives you one very strong reason to learn about frequency methods.  In a linear system, frequency methods may be easier to apply, and may give insight you would not get otherwise.

basic view to convert your connection from 2G to 3G

TD-SCDMA (time division synchronous code division multiple access) is a mobile telephone standard for wireless network operators who want to move from a second generation (2G) wireless network to a third-generation (3G) one.

 Supporting data transmission at speeds up to 2 Mbps, TD-SCDMA combines support for both circuit switched data, such as speech or video, and also packet-switched data from the Internet. The standard combines time division multiple access (TDMA) with an adaptive, synchronous-mode code division multiple access (CDMA) component.

TD-SCDMA was developed by the China Academy of Telecommunications Technology (CATT) in collaboration with Datang and Siemens.

•One of the focal points in the telecommunication research is the integration of TD-SCDMA and WiMAX.Whether TD-SCDMA is compatible to other 3G standards is crucial to the success of 3G in China. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of TD-SCDMA and WiMAX in wireless transmission, a new framework of wireless telecommunication is proposed. In this framework, when the source Mobile Station (MS) and target MS are located indifferent cells, they can use TD-SCDMA to communicate(defined as WAN mode in the paper), and when the source MS and target MS are located in the same cell, a wireless Mesh network will be built and the MSs can communicate using WiMAX as the air interface (defined as LAN mode). The proposed framework efficiently integrates the advantages of TD-SCDMA and WiMAX. Finally, based on simulation, the performance of the proposed framework demonstrates some advantages in actual wireless telecommunication.

for any problem in concept pls comment on face book.

physical meaning of energy band, why it creat and how conductor and semiconductor define

every one on that stage has been introduced with MOT(molecular orbital theory). the result comes from there.

suppose there is si atom which electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2. it means it have four electrons in outer most cell. when two atom have a sufficient distance from each other that there is no interection force between them than atom behaves as a free atom. but as well as two atoms comes closer  then nucleus of both atoms attract valance electron of each other.

according to bohr's theory every isolated atom has finite energy but when two atmos comes closer then they influence eachother. so the distribution of energy change and level define. following example can explain it .


si has four electrons in their outer most cell.suppose there is n atoms in a crystal then there will be 2n electron filling 2n possible  energy level in 3s and 6n possible levels in 3p in which 2n filled.in simple mean when n atoms comes closer then energy level get slightely changed and there will be large no. of closely packed levels thats called energy band which decide the conductor and semiconductor.in that condition 3s and 3p completely disappeared and 8n energy level continuouly distributed (2n of 3s and 6n of 3p).in which 4n are completely filled and 4n are empty. the gap between filled and unfilled is called forbidden gap  ,filled level is called valance band and unfilled is called conduction band. (see dia in basic books of electronics)